Why CO₂?
That’s why CO2
What is CO2 transport?
CO2 transport refers to the transport of captured carbon dioxide from its place of origin — usually industrial plants — to locations where it is either reused (CCU — Carbon Capture and Utilisation) or permanently stored (CCS — Carbon Capture and Storage). Transport is usually carried out via pipelines, but can also take place by ship, rail or lorry. For large quantities, pipelines are the safest and most cost-effective solution.
Why do we need CO2 transport?
Even with a complete switch to renewable energies, some CO2 emissions remain unavoidable in certain industries — such as cement, lime and waste management. At the same time, the chemical industry needs carbon as a raw material. CO2 can therefore be seen not only as waste, but as a valuable component of a circular economy.
In addition, there is a need for so-called “negative emissions”. Technologies such as BECCUS (Bioenergy with Carbon Capture, Utilisation or Storage) actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere for permanent storage. Without these measures, climate neutrality cannot be achieved.
How does CO2 transport work technically?
The CO2 is transported in dense form under high pressure (91–180 bar) through underground pipelines made of high-strength special steel. These pipelines are similar to those used for natural gas or hydrogen, but are specially designed for the physical properties of CO2. Existing natural gas pipelines cannot usually be repurposed for CO2 transport at this pressure.
Infrastructure and network planning
OGE envisages a need for a CO2 transport network with a length of around 3,500 to 4,000 km, connecting Germany's most important industrial centres to the borders with neighbouring countries. Planning is carried out in line with demand and in close consultation with industry partners and authorities. The first pipelines are scheduled to be commissioned from 2029 onwards.
Safety and environment
CO2 is neither flammable nor explosive. The pipelines are built and operated to the highest safety standards. Every weld is double-checked, the pipelines are constantly monitored, and the gas flow can be stopped immediately in the event of irregularities. The impact on agriculture and the environment is carefully assessed and minimised.
Public participation
OGE attaches great importance to transparency and dialogue. Citizens are informed about planned pipeline routes at an early stage, and objections can be raised as part of the planning approval process. Hotlines and contact persons are available for questions and complaints.
Who pays for it?
The costs of CO2 transport are covered by network charges paid by the companies that feed in or use CO2. Subsidies and amortisation models help to cushion the initial investment.
Innovation and the future
CO2 transport is not only a technical necessity, but also a driver of innovation. It enables new business models, promotes the circular economy and creates jobs in future-oriented industries. Technologies such as direct air capture (DAC) and bioenergy CCUS will be key elements for climate protection in the coming decades.